Legal Library: Cases and Proceedings

The consent order requires that Allergan and Inamed divest the rights to develop and distribute Reloxin, a potential Botox rival, to settle charges that Allergan’s $3.2 billion purchase of Inamed would reduce competition and force consumers to pay higher prices for botulinum toxin type A products. Under the terms of the FTC settlement, the companies will return the development and distribution rights to Reloxin to Ipsen Ltd., its U.K.- based manufacturer.

The consent order allowed Teva to acquire IVAX Corporation, provided the companies sell the rights and assets needed to manufacture and market 15 generic pharmaceutical products. Among the drugs sold were several forms of generic amoxicillin and amoxicillin clavulanate potassium that are widely used in the United States.

Penn National Gaming, Inc. agreed to sell a casino in Baton Rouge, Louisiana to settle charges that its acquisition of Argosy Gaming Company would create a monopoly for casino services in that area.  Penn National agreed to sell Argosy's casino to Columbia Sussex Corporation within four months of the order becoming final.

To resolve competitive concerns for three generic pharmaceuticals that arose from Novartis AG’s acquisition of Eon Labs, Inc., Novartis agreed to divest all the assets necessary to manufacture and market generic desipramine hydrochloride tablets, orphenadrine citrate extended release (ER) tablets, and rifampin oral capsules in the United States to Amide within 10 days of Novartis’s acquisition of Eon. Further, Novartis, through its Sandoz generic pharmaceuticals division, will supply Amide with orphenadrine citrate ER and desipramide hydrochloride tablets until Amide obtains FDA approval to manufacture the products itself, and will assist Amide in obtaining all necessary FDA approvals.

A final consent order requires Cytec Industries, Inc. to divest UCB’s Amino Resins Business in Massachusetts and Germany to a Commission-approved buyer. According to the complaint issued with the agreement, the acquisition as proposed would eliminate direct competition between the two firms in the market for amino resins used for industrial liquid coatings and rubber adhesion promotion.

Cemex S.A. agreed to settle concerns stemming from its proposed $5.8 billion acquisition of RMC Group PLC. Under terms of the proposed consent order, Cemex will divest RMC's five ready-mix concrete plants in the Tucson, Arizona area, at no minimum price to a Commission- approved buyer.

Under the terms of the consent orders Chevron and Unocal will cease enforcing Unocal’s patents covering reformulated gasoline that complies with California Air resources Board Standard, will not undertake any new enforcement efforts related to the particular patents, and will cease all attempts to collect damages, royalties, or other payments related to the use of any of the patents. In addition, the companies will dismiss all pending legal actions related to alleged infringement of the patents. According to the complaint, the acquisition of the Unocal patents by Chevron would have facilitated coordinated interaction among downstream refiners and marketers of CARB gasoline.

A consent order settles allegations that Entergy-Koch LP's (a limited partnership owned equally by Entergy Corporation and Koch) acquisition of 50 percent of the Gulf South Pipeline Company, LP from Koch would lessen competition for the sale of electricity to consumers in Louisiana and western Mississippi and the distribution of natural gas to consumers in New Orleans and Baton Rouge. Entergy is the regulated electric and natural gas utility in parts of Louisiana and Mississippi. The order requires Entergy to establish a transparent process to buy natural gas and natural gas transportation that will assist state regulators in determining whether Entergy purchased gas supplies at inflated prices from its Entergy-Koch partnership.

The Commission settled charges with two small groups of orthopedic physicians in the Cincinnati area that had formed an independent practice association that jointly negotiated contracts regarding the rates its physician members would charge health plans and other payors for their services. In addition to the usual prohibitions on joint negotiations, the Commission’s order disbanded the IPA and prohibited future collective bargaining.

A final order settled charges stemming from Hoechst's merger with Rhone-Poulenc S.A. According to the complaint, the merger (the merged firm would be renamed Aventis S.A.) raised antitrust concerns in the market for cellulose acetate and direct thrombin acetate. The order requires the divestiture of the 'subsidiary, Rhodia, a specialty chemicals firm that produces cellulose acetate.

The order prohibits Preferred Health Services from orchestrating collective agreements and other terms for physician services when negotiating with health insurance plans and other third party payers. According to the complaint these agreements among the physician-hospital organization of doctors and the Oconee Memorial Hospital in northwestern South Carolina to collectively negotiate fees and terms of services could lead to higher health care costs and limited physician access.

A consent order allowed Genzyme’s acquisition of ILEX Oncology, Inc., but requires the companies to divest certain assets in the market for solid organ transplant acute therapy drugs. Specifically, Genzyme is required to divest all contractual rights related to ILEX’s Campath®, an immunosuppressant antibody used in solid organ transplants to Schering AG.